Neptune, the eighth planet

 Neptune, the eighth planet from the sun, was discovered by mathematician and astronomer Johann Galle on September 23, 1846. However, the credit for the discovery of Neptune is often given to Urbain Le Verrier, a French mathematician who predicted the existence and location of the planet based on the gravitational effects it was having on Uranus.

Le Verrier presented his findings to the French Academy of Sciences in 1846, and Galle and his team were able to observe Neptune within a degree of Le Verrier's prediction using a telescope at the Berlin Observatory. The discovery of Neptune confirmed the validity of Le Verrier's calculations and solidified his reputation as a leading mathematician and astronomer of the time.